What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the biological process through which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose. During this process, these organisms capture sunlight using chlorophyll, the green pigment found in their leaves, and use it to transform carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into sugars and oxygen. The sugars produced serve as energy sources for the plants, enabling them to grow, reproduce, and carry out various metabolic activities. Oxygen, a byproduct of photosynthesis, is released into the atmosphere, which is crucial for the survival of most living organisms on Earth.

The other options mentioned do not accurately define photosynthesis. The changing of colors in plants is more related to various factors, including seasonal changes or stress responses, rather than the conversion of sunlight into energy. Watering plants is a necessary practice for providing moisture but does not describe the process of energy conversion. Blooming refers to the flowering stage in a plant's life cycle, which is a reproductive process tied to certain environmental conditions and not directly a factor of how plants convert light energy.